1、默认情况下，innodb使用临键锁锁定记录。

select ... for update

2、当查询索引包含唯一属性时，临键锁将被优化并降级为记录锁，即只锁定索引本身，而不是范围。

3、不同场景下的临键锁会退化。

实例

事务1
 
start transaction;
select SLEEP(4);
select * from test where age=22 for update;
select * from test where age>23 for update;
select sleep(20);
commit;
 
**************************
事务2
 
start transaction;
select sleep(8);
select * from test where age=20 for update;
select * from test where age=21 for update;
select * from test where age=22 for update;
select * from test where age=23 for update;
commit;
 
 
************************************
事务执行状态
 
事务1
 
start transaction
> OK
> 时间: 0s
 
 
select SLEEP(4)
> OK
> 时间: 4.001s
 
 
select * from test where age=22 for update
> Affected rows: 0
> 时间: 0.001s
 
 
select * from test where age>23 for update
> Affected rows: 0
> 时间: 0.001s
 
 
select sleep(20)
> OK
> 时间: 20s
 
 
commit
> OK
> 时间: 0.001s
 
 
***********************
事务2
 
start transaction
> OK
> 时间: 0.001s
 
 
select sleep(8)
> OK
> 时间: 8s
 
 
select * from test where age=20 for update
> Affected rows: 0
> 时间: 0.001s
 
 
select * from test where age=21 for update
> Affected rows: 0
> 时间: 0.001s
 
 
select * from test where age=22 for update
> Affected rows: 0
> 时间: 14.158s
 
 
select * from test where age=23 for update
> Affected rows: 0
> 时间: 0.001s
 
 
commit
> OK
> 时间: 0s